Sociological Approach to the Study of Religion - 689 Words

The Sociological Approach to the Study of Religion Various methods are utilized in the study of religion and they are employed for a multitude of reasons. The method chosen to study religions is determined by the information being sought. Included among these approaches are social scientific approaches such as the anthropology of religion and the psychology of religion, and normative approaches such as the theology of religion and the philosophy of religion. There is also the sociological approach to the study of religion which is distinctive in that the goal of the sociologist is to gain an understanding of religion from a completely objective standpoint with no regard to the validity of any particular religion. One of the best and most descriptive explanations was written by Grace Davie. She wrote that, A recently published textbook describes the task of the sociology of religion in three ways: first, to further the understanding of the role of religion in society; second, to analyze its significance in and impact upon human histor y; and, third, to understand the social forces and influences that in turn shape religion. A single assumption is however, embedded in all three statements: The sociologist of religion is concerned with religion only insofar as it relates to the context in which it inevitably exists. It is this relational quality that distinguishes the strictly sociological from a wide variety of other disciplines that have interests in this areaShow MoreRelatedSociological Approach to the Study of Religion1673 Words   |  7 PagesOutline and assess one of the main approaches to the study of religions. Religion and ‘The Study of Religions’ has many approaches which try to investigate the core of what religion is and what it means to the people who practice it. Sociology is one such approach that this essay will be looking at through its founding fathers Emile Durkheim, Max Weber and Karl Marx. Sociology in general looks at people’s dynamics and explains a group’s influence. It demonstrates how religious belief and practicesRead MoreMarxist Perspective On Religion And Liberation Theology1199 Words   |  5 Pagesconsumerism are reinforcing oppressive structures could be viewed as a type of â€Å"methodological atheism†, for Marx fails to acknowledge the significance of transcendence for those practicing religion. In the chapter, â€Å"Sociological Approaches†, Northcott points to the relationship between the Marxist perspective on religion and liberation theology movements in Latin America. Marxist inspired liberation theology acted as a source for power for the poor, as it aided in the reformation of the Catholic ChurchRead MoreDurkheim s Sociological Perspective On Religion1733 Words   |  7 PagesDurkheim’s sociological approach to religion. Several central aspects of Durkheim’s approach are defined, including the concepts of religion, clan, and totem. The Totemic Principle and how it can be applied to religion is also discussed. Supporting evidence for Durkheim is offered through Eliade, while dissension is offered by Malinowski. This work concludes with an example of Durkheim’s ideas applied to the story of Lame Deer. Background Any discussion of Durkheim’s views on religion from a sociologicalRead MoreCommon Sense Explanations And The Explanations Of C. Wright Mills Theory Of The Sociological Imagination1534 Words   |  7 PagesIn this essay I will be exploring the differences between common sense explanations and the explanations of C. Wright Mills theory of The Sociological Imagination. Common sense is based on people s personal experiences and their opinions, very often constructed from social norms and generalised views. Whereas, the Sociological Imagination thought up by sociologist C. Wright Mills (1959) is based on the ideas of thinking critically and skeptically, in order to think sociologically. He wrote thatRead MorePhilosophy, Phenomenology And Comparative Approachs851 Words   |  4 Pagesthere are six different approaches to religion. One approach is the psychological or individual aspect. Then there is the sociological approach which looks at group behavior. Then there is also the anthropological approach which is looks at societies, cultures and things of that nature. Lastly there is the philosophy, phenomenology and comparative approachs. The psychological approach to religion allows us to examine the individual. The psychology of religion is to understand the personal religiousRead MoreSigmund Freud And Emile Durkheim On Religion1587 Words   |  7 PagesDurkheim on religion, looking at how both theorists essentially viewed religion as serving an integral role in human culture. In particular, this essay considers how both theorists consider religious believers to be mistaken in their ontological beliefs, and the rational causes for this. While both Sigmund Freud and Emile Durkheim are concerned with the study of human behaviour as it relates to culture, each does so from within distinct traditions. In terms of religion, Freud’s approach belongs toRead MoreThe Sociological Perspective, As Defined By The Textbook Society900 Words   |  4 PagesThe sociological perspective, as defined by the textbook Society: The Basics on page 2, is being able to see the general in the particular. This means that a sociologist’s goal is to observe a group of specific people, such as those who go to professional sports games, and find the similarities in their behaviors, like why some dress in outrageous costumes. A sociological perspective is important to understanding the role of a society as part of the larger world. This is called the global perspectiveRead More Functionalist View on the Role and Functions of Religion in Society716 Words   |  3 PagesFunctionalist View on the Role and Functions of Religion in Soci ety Assess the view that sociological arguments and evidence support the Functionalist view of the role and functions of religion in contemporary society. Functionalists believe that religion is a conservative force, and an institution which adds to the requirements of society. They say it ultimately operates as an agency of socialisation. Durkheim (1912) said that all societies are separated intoRead MoreSociology 210 Study Guide1129 Words   |  5 PagesChapter One: The Sociological Perspective I. The Sociological Perspective. A. Sociology is the systematic study of human society. B. The sociological perspective (Berger, 1963) helps us to see general social patterns in the behavior of particular individuals (the general in the particular). C. It also encourages us to realize that society guides our thoughts and deeds — to see the strange in the familiar (Berger, 1963). D. Sociology also encourages us to see personal choice in social contextRead MoreScience Which Deals With The Establishment And Development Of Human Societies Essay1589 Words   |  7 Pagesof human societies. 2.-is a science that has as purpose studying the reality of those entities social such which are. But not as it should be, as well as, the study of societies should be considered analogous to the objects of the animated world. Is it history natural of them corporations human. 3.-the sociology can define is as the study scientific of the life group of them humans, since frequently is gives a use incorrect to them terms sociology and sociologist, would be worth the penalty mention

Critical Diagnostic Review Paper Of Schizophrenia

Critical Diagnostic Review Paper of Schizophrenia History of Course of Schizophrenia Schizophrenia was named in 1911 by Swiss Psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler, but it is thought the disorder has been around for a much longer time. Although not called schizophrenia this disorder has been traced back to papyrus from 1550 B. C. Egypt and Stone Age skulls found with drill-like holes. The common theme of most behaviors of early times was madness. Neel Burton found madness was often thought of as punishment from God/the gods, and Hippocrates believe it a result of an imbalance in the four bodily humors and could be cured by special diets, purgatives and blood lettings (2012). There were times in history when religion became a cure for people plagued with these illnesses and most often asylums and monasteries become the treatment centers. The disorder continued to mystify and Sigmund Freud believe it was a result of unconscious conflicts from ones childhood (Burton, 2012). Tertiary syphilis was often thought to be the cause of the psychotic symptoms of the disorder as they both share many of the same symptoms, but this was found to have infectious agents which gave thought to there being more than one factor in the reasoning behind the diagnosing aspect. The first to differentiate Schizophrenia from other issues was Emil Kraepelin. In 1887 he termed the disorder â€Å"dementia praecox† or dementia of the young, as he believed this was an illness of the brain like dementia but instead ofShow MoreRelatedPrimary Neurological Brain Abnormalities And Individuals With Schizophrenia960 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction There are primary neurological brain abnormalities in individuals with schizophrenia. According to Fusar-Poli (2009), schizophrenia is delineated by prefrontal activity and elevated striatal dopaminergic functions. These elevations in striatal dopamine activity and prefrontal cortical dysfunctions (Fusar-Poli, 2009). Along with other abnormalities in white matter as well as, having been observed in the right superior frontal gyrus, left middle frontal gyrus, bilateral parahippocampalRead MoreThe Major Psychological Disorders Covered3588 Words   |  15 PagesThis final paper looks at summarizing one of the major psychological disorders covered in the course this semester - Thought disorder. It ‘s most commonly manifest in language (e.g. speech or writing) that is difficult to make sense of, Some people think that thought disorder is a specific problem of language and others think that it is a more general problem in semantics (meaning) that also leads to problems in making se nse of non-verbal events around us. Thought disorders are conditions that affectRead MoreSchizophrenia in Children2181 Words   |  9 PagesChildren Schizophrenia is a mental disorder. It is also quite a complex illness that affects daily functioning of those who suffer from it. Professionals across several fields who treat schizophrenics do not share a consensus regarding the cause of schizophrenia, though there are a few theories regarding potential and definitive causes. The on-set of schizophrenia often takes place in adolescence and adulthood, but there are cases when there is childhood on-set schizophrenia. Schizophrenia in childrenRead MoreInfluence of American Mass Media Ideals on Body Image and Eating Disorders in the U.S1243 Words   |  5 Pagesof body image and the development of eating disorders? People living in countries influenced by Western culture show concern for their appearance or dietary habits daily. This paper will analyze the effect of mass media on the issues of body image and eating disorders in the United States. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV-TR (DSM-IV-TR) (2000) eating disorders are characterized by a disturbance in eating behavior, which can be eating too much, eating tooRead MoreRights for Students with Special Needs2239 Words   |  9 PagesThe purpose of this starred paper is to review the literature that evaluates how teachers from other industrialized countries perceive the inclusion of students with autism in general education classrooms. Autism Diagnostic Criteria The first person to use the word autism was a well-known Swiss psychiatrist, Eugen Bleuler (Eftring, 2012; Verhoeff, 2013). He began using the term in 1908 to refer to what he considered one of the most important symptoms of schizophrenia. Parents and doctors consideredRead MoreThe Clinical High Risk ( Chr ) Essay2026 Words   |  9 PagesOther Specified Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorder section in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-5th edition (DSM-5). Researchers have previously defined childhood trauma as any emotional neglect, or psychological, physical, emotional or sexual abuse occurring before the age of 17 years old (Bernstein et al., 2003; Kraan et al., 2015). While a wealth of data has demonstrated indirect associations between childhood trauma (CT) and psychosis in adulthood (cite reviews), prospectiveRead MoreEtiological Theories Of Autism Spectrum Disorder Essay1964 Words   |  8 Pages Etiological Theories of Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Review of the Literature Nova Southeastern University Abstract Within the last twenty years, the amount of empirical research regarding the possible cause(s) and risk factors for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has increased (Lai et al., 2014). According to the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), ASD is currently identified in approximately 1 out of 68 children living in the United States, comparedRead MoreAn Overview Of Modern Health Management System1658 Words   |  7 Pagesreal-time feedback information. This, in turn, is helping healthcare management to enable proactive response to critical health conditions by facilitating early detection of life threatening conditions rather than reactive response. This is particularly important in remote and rural areas where number of working physician are very less compare to the physician of urban areas. [A review of wearable sensors and systems with application in rehabilitation 8] In addition to unified access to historicalRead MoreBehavioral Cognitive Case Study5709 Wor ds   |  23 PagesCognitive-Behavioral Treatment of Schizophrenia: A Case Study William Bradshaw University of Minnesota Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy: An International Journal, 12, (1) 13-25, 1998 Abstract Cognitive-behavioural treatment (CBT) has rarely been applied as the primary treatment for the multiple, severe and persistent problems that characterize schizophrenia. This case study describes the process of CBT in the long-term outpatient care of a young woman with schizophrenia. The study highlights the adaptationRead MoreAntisocial Personality Disorders and Criminal Behavior2578 Words   |  10 Pagesthey will go on to commit further crimes in the future. To determine the accuracy of these respective positions, this research paper provides a review of the relevant literature concerning the criminal theory of antisocial personality disorders and its implications for criminal behavior. A summary of the research and important findings are presented in the conclusion. Review and Analysis Although the laws concerning antisocial personality disorders and criminal behavior in the United States differ

Waves On Pregnant Women Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

Waves have been applied to many of import processs presents. In this article I am traveling to look into the application of moving ridges on pregnant adult females. One of the really of import subjects is the application of echography in antenatal medical examination ; therefore I would concentrate on this subject and discourse its rule and advantages among other different methods of antenatal medical examination. We will write a custom essay sample on Waves On Pregnant Women Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now However moving ridges do non merely conveying benefits to pregnant adult females, but besides injury. There are some electromagnetic moving ridges ( or EM moving ridges ) which may be harmful to both the female parents and the foetuss, such as X ray. Yet, will pregnant adult females truly have an increased hazard of abortion after holding an X-ray? Recently there are besides concerns about the consequence of wireless moving ridges and microwaves on gestation. In this article I am traveling to look into them one by one. Obstetric Ultrasonography Ultrasonography refers to the usage of ultrasound. Ultrasound is longitudinal moving ridge, it has the same velocity as hearable sound moving ridge in air, which is 340ms-1. The chief difference between hearable sound moving ridge and ultrasound is that ultrasound has a frequence beyond hearable scope of homo, which is around 20 Hertz ( 20 Hz ) to 20 kHzs ( 20 kilohertz or 20,000 Hz ) . Normally the frequence of ultrasound used in antenatal medical examination is ranged from 1.6 to 10 MHz ( MHz ) , depending on what constructions of the foetuss are being examined. Ultrasound with lower frequence can perforate deeper into organic structure tissues, because the higher the frequence, the more supersonic moving ridges are being absorbed alternatively of reflected, therefore while analyzing deeper tissues like the liver and kidney, ultrasound with lower frequence ( around 1.6-6MHz ) is used. In the echography, ultrasound moving ridges are emitted by a device called transducer. Actually the term transducer refers to a device which converts one signifier of energy into another, so there are tonss of types of transducer. In the echography, an electroacoustic transducer is used to change over electricity to breathe and have ultrasound ; therefore to be more exact, the device used is besides called an ultrasound transceiver. The transducer is placed on the venters of the pregnant adult female, the ultrasound emitted penetrates the tegument and so reaches the fetus and other internal variety meats of the female parent. The moving ridges are so reflected back to the transceiver, the transceiver senses the moving ridges and converts them into images. An ultrasound transceiver: hypertext transfer protocol: //l.b5z.net/i/u/6062479/i/transducer_tn.jpg beginning: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.chesapeakeultrasound.com/ultrasound_products An echography: hypertext transfer protocol: //gulfcoastmri.files.wordpress.com/2010/06/sonogram-human-foetal-fetal-ultrasound-scan-at-22-weeks-mono-1-anon.jpg Beginning: hypertext transfer protocol: //gulfcoastmri.wordpress.com/2010/06/07/obstetric-ultrasonography/ In instance that the pregnant adult female is in early gestation or corpulent, she can undergo transvaginal echography, which a investigation is placed in the adult female ‘s vagina. Sometimes the trial is besides carried out if the pregnant adult female has got unnatural vaginal hemorrhage or pelvic hurting. This type of echography has the similar rule as the echography mentioned above. Some female parents may desire to see the pulse of their babes, they can transport out the Doppler echography. It has fundamentally the same rule as the echography except the ultrasound is farther enhanced by Doppler Effect. Generally the foetus ‘s pulse can be detected after 7 hebdomads of gestation, therefore the blood flow of the foetus can be detected every bit good. The blood flows in a circulation in the organic structure of the foetus, the Doppler echography can therefore observe the alteration in waies of blood flow by Doppler consequence and see if the circulation is normal or no n. This can be done by mensurating the alteration in the frequence received in the transceiver. In fact there are a few more types of prenatal medical examination, such as amniocentesis and chronic villus trying. However, the echography is the safest manner for diagnosing. The echography merely involves a transducer puting outside the female parent ‘s venters, while amniocentesis and chronic villus trying necessitate mechanical incursion and trying inside the female parent ‘s womb or venters, this increases the hazard of abortion during the trials. Despite this fact, echography can merely give an early diagnosing of the female parents and foetuss, it can non handle anomalousnesss or familial diseases. Harmonizing to the trial conducted by RADIUS survey group in 1993, research workers found that obtaining echography has no significantly negative consequence on cut downing perinatal morbidity or mortality among the foetuss or the female parents. Furthermore, the sensing of anomalousnesss really did non change the result of newborn babes. Therefore it is of import to a dmit that echography is merely a trial whether the foetuss are healthy, but non a intervention to anomalousnesss. Harmful consequence of X ray X ray is an electromagnetic moving ridge with a wavelength ranged from 0.01 to 10 nanometres ( 0.01-10 x10-9m ) . It has a velocity of 3Ãâ€"108 ms-1 in vacuity. In fact, X ray is normally used in medical interventions, such as radiation therapy of malignant neoplastic disease and medical imagination engineering. X ray is produced in an X-ray tubing. In the X-ray tubing, negatrons are accelerated by using a high electromotive force. Electrons so collide with a metal, and the sudden slowing of negatrons consequences in the emanation of X ray. An X-ray tubing: hypertext transfer protocol: //hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/quantum/imgqua/xtube.gif Beginning: hypertext transfer protocol: //hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/quantum/xtube.html X ray has high ionising power, therefore there are many people worrying about the harmful effects of holding an X-ray diagnosing, particularly pregnant adult females. It is true that a really high dosage of radiation from X ray may ensue in radiation illness. Prolonged and uninterrupted exposure to X-ray besides increases the hazard of malignant neoplastic disease development, and in pregnant adult females, there may besides be a hazard for the foetus to develop childhood malignant neoplastic disease or even abortion. However, it seems that the harmful effects of exposing to X ray are exaggerated. The serious harmful effects mentioned above are merely the consequences of high dose in a short period of clip. There are different sorts of X raies, one type is used in scanning or diagnosing, one type is used in handling malignant neoplastic disease. The energy stored in different types of X raies is different. For normal X-ray scanning, the dose is highly little. The captive dosage of X ray is measured in rad, which 1 rad = 10Ãâ€"10-3 J kg-1 = 10-2 J kg-1. If a pregnant adult female is holding a chest X ray, the estimated fetal dosage is about 60 millirads, the dosage is about 290 millirads for an abdominal X ray. This is rather a low value, as the dosage from the radiation from outer infinite is around 90-100 millirads. In fact, the hazard of the foetus holding oculus abnormalcies or mental deceleration additions merely when the dose exceeds 10 rads, therefore it is really rare that pregnant adult females suffer from harmful effects by the X-ray radiation. Harmonizing to the American Academy of Family Physicians, by and large X raies are safe even for pregnant adult females, and harmonizi ng to radiotherapists, no individual diagnostic X ray has a radiation dosage important plenty to do inauspicious effects in a underdeveloped embryo or foetus. Normally physicians will non inquire pregnant adult females to undergo an X-ray scanning, unless when it is pressing and necessary. It is besides suggested that pregnant adult females should state the radiotherapists about the gestation, so that radiotherapists can set the radiation degree to better protect the female parents and the foetuss. To reason, many people are afraid of holding X-ray scanning when they are pregnant, but in fact the hazard is non that high if we compare the dose to the exposure to outer infinite radiation. An X-ray movie demoing gestation: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.neurobodyfit.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/xray-pregnancy.jpg Beginning: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.neurobodyfit.com/x-rays-are-safe-during-pregnancy/ Concerns of wireless moving ridges and microwaves Besides X-ray, some people are refering about the consequence of wireless moving ridges and microwaves on gestation. In fact the consequence of these two types of EM moving ridges is even less than X ray. There has been a survey look intoing the relationship between exposure of wireless moving ridges and microwaves of female physical therapists, and the ratio of abortion. Due to occupational usage, physical therapists are really frequently exposed to medical equipment breathing microwaves diathermy and wireless moving ridges. Harmonizing to the survey, research workers compared the uneven ratios between those pregnant physical therapists and other pregnant adult females. The consequences showed that the hazard of abortion was non associated with reported usage of diathermy equipment, therefore people need non worry excessively much about this issue. A microwave diathermy: hypertext transfer protocol: //image.ec21.com/image/medicm/oimg_GC04993002_CA04993086/Microwave_Diathermy_HM-801C.jpg Beginning: hypertext transfer protocol: //medicm.en.ec21.com/Microwave_Diathermy_HM_801C — 4993002_4993086.html Decision Waves have been widely used in medical equipment, and there are several applications of moving ridges on gestation. Ultrasonography is the most common and the safest method of antenatal medical examination. Though it can be used in diagnosing, it is unable to handle diseases in foetus. Many people concern about the side effects of utilizing X-ray, microwaves and wireless moving ridges, nevertheless it is in fact really safe because the dose of radiation is highly little. Therefore people need non worry excessively much about the hazard of abortion caused by exposure to these moving ridges. How to cite Waves On Pregnant Women Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

The Concept of Community free essay sample

Community has been described and interpreted in different ways. It has been explained by different people in their own understanding and views. The concept of community could be associated with the beliefs, culture and interests. In this essay, the concept of community, what it is and the different types of community will be discussed. Also, the association between community, youth and its influence on the environment will be acknowledged. In addition, in this essay, issues on ethnicity, culture, youth, racism and crime will be discussed. The question ‘what a community is’ will be addressed. The concept of community has been widely discussed and there has not been a particular definition for community and its concept. Community has been recognized and described only as the environment where people co-habit. It is however not particularly right. Clark (1973:397) describes a community as ‘a group of people with geographical interest and have a unique relationship within the group’. The Oxford dictionary describes it as ‘a group of people living together in a place or having the same religion, race etc’. Also, in Rothman et al’s view, it could also be seen as ‘a structure of relationships which a localized population provides its daily requirements’. A more detailed definition was given to community by Buchroth and Parkin (2010:29) describing it as ‘a place, or a town or a city etc, where a group of people conform to a set of guidelines or rules, so that they all have something in common; people who do not fit into this bill are often pushed out of this community’. All these explain community in different views according to each writer’s perception. They have all explained the classification of word and its aim. However, understanding the concept of community goes beyond the writer’s view or assumption on what the meaning is. Many geographical communities including Ireland, Scotland, Wales and London in the United Kingdom are considered one of many in the country. Although, the land space mapped on the world zone paper is a part of community, there re other criteria that are associated with the word. The concept of community is wide and cannot be put aside without knowing the meaning of community and how it is formed. Community can be described as the way of life of people: its unique language, arts, the norms and cultural values, politics, the music and economic factors. The mode of dressing, food, language and religion also makes the people different. In addition, the beliefs of the individual and the interests of everyone as a person and as a group are put in consideration. Tyler (2003) prefers to explain it as ‘local human network’. According to Garvin and Tropman (199-) cited by Rotman et al(200-) communities are constituted when a group of people form a common location, interest, identification, culture and have common activities. When a locality is based on land space, there is a need for the recognition of the individual†¦the need for a sense of belonging. MacIver and Page describes this as the ‘we feeling’ when an individual identifies himself as a person and as a part of the group (Clark 1973:403). In addition, key qualities and attributes are expected from one individual to the other to create peace and unity in the group. Tolerance is an aspect of community value that cannot fail to be noticed. Every individual has his own angle realization and responsibility and this must be recognized and understood by other members of the group. Furthermore, there must be trust within; otherwise there will be a collapse in the relationships in this community. The word ‘reprocity’ is a strong value that must be included in every community to make it functional and realistic. An interesting group in the community includes the people. Population shares a characteristic that are linked by factors like religious beliefs; sexual orientation; occupation or ethnic origin in this group. As an individual position himself in the community where he is located, he contributes to the development of his locality. In a society, he shares the spirit of solidarity, togetherness and social cohesion within the society. Despite living under a locality, an individual often belong to other communities outside his or her geographical domain. On occasions, people discover that they belong to diverse groups with special interests that make them members to these communities. There are instances when a group of people who live in different land space or geographical zone. On occasions, there have been people with a collective voice in different mapped out areas of the world. This may be as a result of migration. An example is when an Asian couple migrates from their birth place in Bombay, India and decides to settle in the United Kingdom. When the family broadens with children, it encourages diversity of society in life of the younger generation. Language, food, religion and other beliefs in India are introduced to the children, even though they reside in the United Kingdom. Tyler (2003) explains that there are more to the buildings and accommodation of the society make up the society. He goes on to explain the idea that it is a notable fact that relationships are developed among the local group. It may be taken to account that the good function of every community depends on the population that resides in and within the environment. However, the ethnicity of every individual is unique to him or her even if it is shared. There are social interactions that make individual accomplish a sense of appreciation in different societies. Generally, countries with diverse culture like the United Kingdom, United States of America and Scotland have people with different ethnic values come as a group to form a society of interest. Some may be the interests in reading (book clubs), sports, fashion or the type of music listened to. This undisputedly, does not segregate them from enjoying more of the societal contribution and modern technologies that bring people universally together. According to Tyler (2003) ‘family is the first community’. However groups of family come together, they become a clan and a community as a whole. Friendships are developed and chosen as individuals and networks are established. There is a need for cohesion in every popularized environment. The word globalization has been used more often in Britain today. According to Beck (2000:11) it is ‘ the process through sovereign national states are criss crossed and undermined by varying prospects of power, orientations, identities and networks’. Giddens (1990) describes it to be ‘an intensification of worldwide social relations which link distant localities in such a way that local happenings are shaped by events occurring many miles away and vice versa’. Another exclusive group that is recognized is the symbolic community. The groups are on occasions recognized by their symbolic attributes which distinguishes them from others. Smith (2001) cited Alan and Crow (1994:6) and explains that people with symbolic values play crucial roles because of their achievements in the sense of belonging. People’s culture and value sometimes bound them to this community. For instance, ethnic groups are often recognized with their attires. Often people are recognized by their mode of dressing. In Scotland, men often wear kilts on occasions. Africans are also known to dress up in colorful printed attires. Rastafarians dreadlock and beard is also a means of recognition. To distinguish between a homosexual and heterosexual, earrings play a public figure as it discloses the individual sexual participation. A different symbolic group that is often recognized is the ‘ring as a marital symbol’ group. The finger at which the ring is placed also play different role. It speaks for the individual if he is married, divorced, widowed or engaged. These symbolic values and their representation are crucial by events to individual identity. Culture is an important aspect of community. In every society, individual life depends on the cultural values that make the group a body. Karl Marx believed that culture is only possible in human form and in their ways because animals do not possess the concept to ‘form things in accordance to beauty’. (Haralambos and Holborn) According to Beck (2000:11) that was cited by Morgan an Reiner (2002), he defines globalization as ‘ the sovereign national states that are criss crossed and are undermined by transnational actors with varying prospects of power, orientations, identities and networks. In Giddens (1990) view, it is ‘an intensification of worldwide social relations which link distant locality in such a way that local happenings are shaped by events occurring many miles away and vice versa’. An important value of community is its integration. As the community begins o experience change because of migration, the society begins to lose the originality of its value. Residents who cannot tolerate these changes move to a more conducive environment. This makes the society less labeled as an ethnic community. A multicultural community is developed by different ethnicity because of integration and acceptance of immigrants from other groups. However, when integration becomes rampant, overpopulation creates an overwhelming problem and cohesion becomes a debate. As a result, lack of tolerance by the original residents emigrates for a more conducive neighborhood, therefore losing the norms and values that existed. As well as this, new cultural and ethnic values are introduced. This may cause segregation and loss of cultural values. In the recent times, the community has become a scary place and there it calls for a sense of security. Crime has made every community crumble under its norms and governance. Young people gather as a group of gang members involving in different types of crime ranging from underage or indecent alcohol intake, drug abuse, smoking, sexual involvement that leads to rape, stealing, burglary both of private homes and business places, threatening and killing with all sort if barbaric weapons and the love of fashion. The youth today believe that violence makes them less vulnerable, acquire some sort of defenses and it ascertains recognition and supremacy. Above all, it is mainly for material purposes (Farrington, 1996) Modern technologies have also contributed to its demise and the encouragement of crime on the streets. It has exposed youths to different harmful weapons ranging from plastic explosives to bombs. Crimes like fraud have been reported and recorded to be higher over the last twenty years. One of the factors that have made crime an increasing problem is the size of population. As far as 1960s, the increase in population has increased crime itself Neitzel (1979). According to the National statistics on population, the Major of London in 2003 also published a report on issues that affects Britain stating that the large populated community is as a result of immigrants being granted citizenship especially asylum seekers and refugees. In his view, it has contributed to factors that affect every community. As a result of variables which include poverty and deprivation, Britain has become less conducive and therefore crime rates have escalated. Music has played a significant role in the lives of youth and gang culture. Its message has sent crime motivations to teenage making them live in an illusion of drugs, guns and knife crime to be a whelming and rational life to get the ‘recognition’ they desire. Dr. Assibiy-Mensah, between 1994 and 1995 had investigated the role of music and sports in youth life and he discovered that these athletes and musicians have been recognized as role models instead of educators, (Okoronkwo 2008:6). The influences of drugs in youth groups as seen in musical videos have instigated a lot of street crimes that has created fear in the lives of commuters and business owners. On the quest to be recognized, gangs create a body of negative characteristics to acquire power and control either by stealing or carrying a weapon. Gangs’ crimes are only motivated by the individualism and personal gain and its effect on the society can be believed to be chaotic. The effect of carrying these weapons justifies in a negative impact on the youths as well as the society. An environmental influence on male gender with poor education is yet unskilled affects the involvement with the female counterparts. The female gender could often endangered and maltreated and on the streets. It may appear that the male gender may have the upper hand in the society. To this, one of the crimes that affect the community is rape and it may result to violence or death. Recorded issues like Bennett, Reid and Thomson who were murdered due to sex related issues in 2008(youth deaths :11). Taking into account that, community may be influenced by gender, these incidents cannot be overlooked as it is part of an everyday human activity. The national statistics on crime had it recorded that although, crime was high with 452,364 offences in the year 2007/ 08. It record slightly reduced in number to 421,157 in 2008/09 (oxford criminology). In the same state, youth crimes have been high although statistics claims it is gradually reducing. On the other hand, the use of weapons and sharp instruments has predominantly controlled the teenagers of Great Britain. As gang culture has been an issue in the community, youth crime has become a vital practice among teenagers using these dangerous weapons. A record of gun and knife deaths that shows that forty three teenagers died as a result of violence in 2008 and within the inner city London, fifty was recorded dead in the same manner in 2007. However, boroughs like Hackney, Brent, Red bridge have been labeled due to incidents of youth deaths and teenage crimes and the gravity of these disturbing issues in the community (youth deaths reference: 5). A review on the social policy research in criminology (Farrington April 1996, page1) states that major risk factors for youth crime are: Low income and poor housing Living in deteriorated inner city areas A high degree of impulsiveness and hyperactivity Low intelligence and low school attainment Poor parental supervision and harsh and erratic discipline Parental conflict and broken families Peer pressure Availability of drugs Due to these discoveries, there should be contemplation on how youth crime can be either reduced or totally eradicated. To reduce or combat crime on our streets, there is a need for critical resolution to the endangered public and a more peaceful promise to the upcoming generation. The first point of call to reduce this unruly behavior in the society is the family. Morals and respect for others that are lacking should be instilled in the youths. The children should be shown love and should be appreciated and not criticized for all their mistakes. Parents should encourage the children without discrimination because youths of today lack self confidence and therefore inhabit bullying as a behavior or becomes the prey and is bullied. Delinquent friends should be distant from and also there should be a feeling of responsibility to themselves and the community they reside in. Also, schools are responsible for the upbringing of individual identity and realization. It should not be seen as a building where young people acquire reading, writing or numeracy skills but it should help every child identify and develop hidden talents as also encourage the use to benefit the community and the nation as a whole. On occasions, inter-school activities should be introduced to develop sense of encouragement and for the individual, a sense of accomplishment. The education curriculum should include awareness of talents at the primary level like music, sports or craft and arts. In addition to this view, social class that have influenced the curriculum and every class should embrace a cohesive community. Furthermore; the community has a part to play in the clarity of this community demise. Britain is not a gun-legalized nation therefore the import of ammunition should be thoroughly scrutinized and probably discouraged by dealers who are not government representatives. Although, the government has funding for groups like Youth Crime Action, Tackling Knives Action Programme (youth crimes: 2) and some other organizations, it is of personal opinion that more youth development centers should be open to teenagers. Adding to this, there should be funding for the development of talents. To top this, a rule governing youth activities should be discussed in the House of Commons. Above all, teenagers should have a sense of security for the future that jobs will be available when education is completed. Job opportunities will not only reduce crime but save government funding on benefits It has been controversial on how the media has portrayed the teenage deaths as a racial involvement. Although some facts have been discovered on most occasions, teenagers of the same racial backgrounds that involve themselves in the incidents (youth death: 4). Instead of labeling crimes on race and cultural background, the media may encourage posters and adverts on awareness like the Hate Knife ,Kill Crime adverts. Okoronkwo (2008), argued that although media has labeled gangs to be more on black youths, ‘behavior may label a criminal, but it is not this behavior in itself that constitute crime(Mancie,2004:117)’. In summary, it is never too late to change the nation, community or oneself. Realizing potentials and developing it will not only benefit the individual but raw talents can change the future positively for the new generations. Taking into account that every community is very important based on its population, beliefs, ethnics, culture and geographical location.